JP1000 Lecture 10

V_te + imasu (Review: Lecture 9)

   Progressive:

       Donna hon o yonde imasu ka?

       Sensee to gakusee wa pabu de biiru o nonde imasu.

       Kodomo wa itsumo konpyuutaa-geemu de asonde imasu.

       Kinoo wa asa kara zutto kuruma o unten-shite imashita.

       Maiasa san-juppun gurai hashitte imasu. [habitual]

   Resultative:

       Watashi wa kekkon-shite imasu.

       Tomodachi wa atarashii kuruma o motte imasu.

       Ano hito o shitte imasu ka?

       Sono onna no hito wa donna kimono o kite imashita ka?

       Kono neko (wa) shinde imasu yo.

DE: TE-form of DESU/DA 'and'

      Ano hito wa Kanada-jin de, kono hito wa Amerika-jin desu.

      Koko wa shizuka de, kiree desu nee.

BECOME/GET X: A-ku/ N ni + narimasu [focus on changes]

      Nihongo wa sukoshi muzukashiku narimashita.

      Zuibun samu-ku narimashita nee.

      Watashi wa isha ni nari-tai desu.

      O-kosan wa o-ikutsu ni narimashita ka.

      Nihongo ga joozu ni narimashita nee.

Polite equivalents of DESU

    N + de gozaimasu / de irasshaimasu  {recognition only}



      [things]          Soko wa hon ya de gozaimasu.        

      [1st psn/peer]    Watakushi wa Yokota de gozaimasu.

                        Are wa ani de gozaimasu.

      [2nd/3rd psn]     Shitsuree desu ga, donata-sama de irasshaimasu ka.

                        Ano kata ga okusan de irasshaimasu ka.

                        Okosan wa o-ikutsu de irasshaimasu ka.

Counter for people: [Review]

      hito-ri/futa-ri/san-nin/yo-nin .../nan-nin



      Kurasu ni wa gakusee ga nan-nin imasu ka?

      Sanjuu-nin gurai imasu.

      Nan-nin-san desu ka? Futari desu.

      Mada o-hitori desu ka? Iie, kekkon-shite imasu.

Nationalities: -jin

      Kanadà-jin, Chuugokù-jin, Kankokù-jin, Itarià-jin, 

      Igirisù-jin, Doitsù-jin, Furansù-jin, Amerikà-jin,

      Indò-jin, Supeìn-jin, Oosutorrià-jin, Roshià-jin,

      Nihon-jìn, ...



      [N.B.] Accent is usually placed on the preceding syllable except in the

             case of syllabic nasals.

Animate subject + ARIMASU: not for actual physical existence

   Kodomo ga yo-nin arimasu/imasu.

   Kodomo ga koko ni yo-nin *arimasu/imasu.

   Watashi ni wa kyoodai ga san-nin arimasu/imasu.

   Mukashi aru tokoro ni ojiisan to obaasan ga arimashita/imashita.

                                            [storytelling]

Common family names

   Suzuki, Satoo, Tanaka, Yamada ...

   use of Kanji

   shimee/seemee: [family/clan name][own name]]

   common male name ending  :    -o,  -roo ...

   common female name ending:    -ko, -mi  ...

Particle + Verb

   [place]   NI   TSUTOMERU           (cf. DE HATARAKU)

   [place]   O    DERU                (cf. KARA DERU)

   [status]  NI   NARU                (cf. NI SURU)



   Ani wa kaisha ni tsutomete imasu.

   Asa hachi-ji ni uchi o demashita ga, daigaku made ni-jikan kakarimashita.

   Anata wa nani ni naritai desu ka?

Manuscript paper: genkoo-yooshi

   punctuation

   paragraph

Word-Processing in Japanese

   software: MS Word, Ichitaroo, Word Perfect

             operating system, input method, Conversion, fonts 

   hardware: word-processor, desktop, laptop, keyboard